Q: I’m getting older and sometimes I forget phone numbers or appointments. Will I get dementia? Is forgetting things a normal part of aging?
A: Like athletics, many cognitive abilities can slow after adulthood is reached. Although intellectual response time slows, accuracy is not affected. In normal
aging, this “slowing” can be irksome but not severe enough to interfere with daily activities.
The term “Mild Cognitive Impairment” or MCI refers to a transition condition between normal aging and dementia. Persons with MCI have can have actual
decline in memory or other areas of cognition (thinking ability). A person with MCI can function in everyday activities but has difficulties in remembering events or appointments. Family members may notice only a slight change in abilities or increased forgetfulness. Not everyone with MCI will develop Alzheimer’s
disease or another type of dementia. However, persons with MCI are at higher risk to progress to dementia.
The term “dementia” describes a syndrome of at least 6 months of decline in 2 areas of cognition. The impairment cannot be from a medical illness or other
problem that can be corrected. It is important to remember that dementia is both memory loss AND other areas of cognition (personality, language, judgment,
attention, orientation and visuospacial skills). For example, someone with orientation problems may not know where he lives or the date and times, whereas a person with visuospacial problems could not complete a jigsaw puzzle.
There are many diseases that cause dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia, but other types include vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasilar degeneration. Dementia is
important to diagnose early. |